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常识“文王”是什么意思,起源、典故、生平简介及释义-历史文化

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词汇 文王
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释义 文王《诗经·大雅》篇名。《诗序》认为“《文王》,文王受命作周也”。郑玄笺曰:“受天命而王天下,制立周邦。”朱熹则认为:“周公追述文王之德,明周家所以受命而代商者,皆由于此,以戒成王。此章言文王既没,而其神在上,昭明于天”(《诗集传》)。其说可采,当为追述文王德业并告诫殷商旧臣之诗。至其作者,《吕氏春秋·古乐》及《后汉书·翼奉传》皆以为周公旦,然从风格推看,似出于西周晚期。共七章,每章八句。首尾以天命相呼应,布局严整,文有曲折波澜。运用蝉联格,章句间相互衔接,语意联贯,音调和谐。明孙鑛评:“全只述事谈理,更不用景物点注,绝去风云月露之态。然词旨高妙,机轴浑化,中间转折变换略无痕迹,读之觉神采飞动,骨劲色苍,真是无上神品。”(《批评诗经》)
文王《诗·大雅》篇名。周代祭祀时歌颂文王的诗。相传系周公作。认为文王勤勉不倦、广施恩惠,因而获得“天命”创立周朝。死后灵魂“在帝左右”,保佑子孙得以百世昌盛。又认为“天命靡常”,获得的“天命”可能失去,应当吸取殷朝灭亡的历史教训,继承文王的传统,勤修德政,以永保天命。反映出西周统治者以德配天的思想。
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