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常识“昆体良”是什么意思,起源、典故、生平简介及释义-历史文化

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词汇 昆体良
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昆体良约35—95Quintilianus

古罗马教育家。皇室委任的第一个修辞学教授。生于西班牙(时为罗马属地)的加拉俄利斯。少年时随父到罗马求学,研究辩证术,学成后回西班牙从事教育工作。后又返罗马。五十三岁从学校退职,专门从事著述。著有《修辞学规范》,共十二卷(仅存残篇)。认为儿童一般都生而具有智力活动与理解能力,愚钝和低能只是一种反常的稀有现象。劝告世人从儿童诞生的最初几天起便注意其语言的发展,年龄稍长就得送入比家庭教师教育优越的学校(当时罗马皇帝提倡各地兴建学校)。认为教育以培养演说家为目的,强调语言、音乐、数学(尤其是几何学)、体育等课程的教学。要求教师为人师表,热爱学生,细心了解其特性。关于学习方法,他提出三个顺序递进的阶段:理论的指导,模仿和练习。后者尤为重要。其教育思想到文艺复兴时期才受到重视,对人文主义产生很大影响。

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