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常识“林爽文”是什么意思,起源、典故、生平简介及释义-历史文化

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词汇 林爽文
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林爽文?—1788

清代乾隆年间台湾农民起义首领。原籍福建漳州平和,迁居台湾彰化大里杙庄。农民出身。乾隆四十八年(1783年)入漳州人严烟在台组织的天地会,后成为彰化天地会首领。乾隆五十一年秋,台湾官府大肆镇压天地会,焚烧天地会活动的村庄,他以“安民心、保家业”为号召,动员会众到大里杙集中。十一月,率众进攻由彰化知县俞峻率领的驻扎在大里杙附近的清军,将其全歼,并乘胜攻占彰化,杀死知府孙景燧。十二月初,被推为盟主大元帅,往彰化建立政权,建元“顺天”,发布文告,惩办贪官污吏,严明义军纪律。旋攻克诸罗(今台南佳里镇),并与风山(今高雄)天地会首领庄大田合围台湾府城(今台南市),控制了台湾岛大部分地区。次年初,清军渡海分三路攻入台湾,占领诸罗,他率义军顽强抵抗,使清军损失惨重。清政府续派福康安率军援台,占领彰化,并广募地主武装,他被迫退守大里杙。乾隆五十三年正月,大里杙被攻破,他逃入山中,在老衢崎被俘,三月在北京被害。

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