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常识“女真”是什么意思,起源、典故、生平简介及释义-历史文化

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词汇 女真
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释义
女真一作女直、女质。古族名。满族的先世。源于唐代黑水靺鞨。五代时始见其名。辽时渐盛,分布于松花江、黑龙江下游,东至日本海。居辽东者号“熟女真”,因服属于辽,又称“系辽籍女真”,社会经济发展较快;居混同江(今松花江)中游迤北者号“生女真”,与辽保持相对独立性,又称“不系辽籍女真”,社会生产发展较慢;居住在咸州(今辽宁开原市境)东北至混同江一带,即介于生、熟女真之间者号回跋(亦作回霸)女真,与生女真关系较为密切。辽末,生女真完颜部首领阿骨打统一各部,建国号为金,灭辽与北宋,据有北部中国,与南宋并立。金代,女真族大量迁入中原,逐渐与汉族融合。留居东北者,发展较慢。元属开元路、合兰府水达达等路管辖。明属奴儿干都司管辖,分建州、海西、野人女真三部,明设都指挥使司、卫、所等行政机构,管理军政事务。明末,清太祖努尔哈赤统一各部,以建州女真为核心,建立后金政权。清太宗皇太极于后金天聪九年(1635),改“诸申”(女真)为满洲,后称满族。
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