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常识“钦廉防城起义”是什么意思,起源、典故、生平简介及释义-历史文化

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词汇 钦廉防城起义
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钦廉防城起义 

清末同盟会发动的武装起义。1907年(光绪三十三年)春,广东钦州三那(那桑、那黎、那彭)地方群众组成以刘思裕为首的万人会,反对清政府增收糖捐,由请愿发展为武装暴动。清政府派兵镇压,刘思裕牺牲,群情激愤,派代表到河内向孙中山求援。孙中山“知民气可用”,派王和顺为中华国民军南军都督,到钦州三那等地区联络民团、会党发动起义。黄兴亲赴钦州游说前往镇压群众的清军统领郭人漳反正响应。王和顺到三那时,当地群众集合民军千余、枪支数百响应,斗志昂扬,“声势颇盛”。但王和顺拟运动清军反正攻取南宁,后因未果始变更计划,致使在三那地区观望徘徊过久,部众有的散去,实力有所减弱。9月1日(七月二十四日)王和顺率众在钦州王光山发动起义,攻占防城,擒杀县令,以中华国民军南军都督名义发布《告粤省同胞文》等文告,申明起义军的革命宗旨。王和顺留少数人坚守防城,率主力进攻钦州,计划取钦州为根据地。因进攻受挫,改取南宁,清军统领郭人漳佯允反正,实怀叵测,当起义军进至灵山时,郭人漳一面派兵衔尾追击,一面则攻占防城,使起义军腹背受敌。在清军的进攻下,王和顺率军退回三那,解散部众,部分起义军退入十万大山,历时半月的钦廉防城起义遂告失败。
钦廉防城起义又称丁未钦州防城之役。清光绪三十三年(1907年,丁未年)广东钦州(今属广西)三那地区乡民以刘恩裕为首聚众抗捐,革命党人与之联络,共举义旗,遭清军镇压,刘牺牲。孙中山应三那乡民之请,命黄兴、王和顺等回国发动起义。王和顺任中华民国南军都督,于七月二十八日(9.5)攻占防城。黄兴在钦州运动清军不利,义军转攻广西灵山,不克,黄、王退走越南,余部退入十万大山。
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