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常识“舜”是什么意思,起源、典故、生平简介及释义-历史文化

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现行较罕见姓氏。分布颇广:今北京,山西之运城,广东之澄海、南澳等地均有。《续通志·氏族略》亦收载。《姓氏考略》注其源:
❶“虞舜之支庶以舜为氏。”此以祖辈名字为氏。系出妫姓。
❷又注:“(春秋)晋贤人舜华之后。”(按:《辞海》称:“晋代有舜华。”误。舜华,春秋时晋国大夫,与窦鸣犊俱有贤名。为赵简子所杀。孔子作“陬操”以哀之。
❸其引《姓苑》云:“舜姓出河东。”
唐代有舜化;宋代有舜俞咨,嘉兴教授;明代有舜用禹,刻漏博士。

传为原始社会后期部落联盟首领。姚姓(一说妫姓),名重华。先世居虞(今河南虞城北),故号有虞氏,亦称虞舜。被四岳荐为尧的继承人,尧以娥皇、女英二女妻之。接位后,耕田,打渔、制陶,深受大众爱戴。先后实行了一系列社会改革:让八元管土地,八恺管教化,契管民事,伯益管山林川泽,伯夷管祭祀,皋陶作刑。这反映了阶级分化和阶级对立的发展。又巡视四方,殛死治水无功的鲧,以鲧子禹治洪水,并经治水考验,将禹立为自己的继承人。在位期间,继续对三苗用兵,“分化三苗”,“更易其俗”,采取分化瓦解的办法使之逐步融合于华夏族。相传他还“流四凶族”,把浑教、穷奇、梼杌、饕餮赶到荒远的边野,为民除了大害。晚年南巡,病死至苍梧(在今湖南、广西交界地带)途中。一说遭禹放逐,死于苍梧之野。据云,舜葬于苍梧山(又名九嶷山),山上有舜源峰,上建舜帝墓、舜帝庙、二妃柯。相传娥皇、女英恸舜之逝,泪洒山竹,形成后世有名的斑竹。

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